Hi friends and welcome back. Now in this bursaries I am going to have about helping commands like what is meant info, etc. Then I will jump into a file directories, then perform some file operations like copy move, etc. So let's start just open your command prompt not command prompt actually between two users just open terminal. Yes, once you open your terminal before starting with anything, just have a look at basic commands which I have forwarded in my last previous video. So as I told you that for date, you just have to just right date as I have shown in my previous video, but I forgot this.

Come on. That is Cassie. Okay. Which means calendar showing calendar. Today's date is one of August 2018. And this is the this is our date.

That time showing it means investing your time and the year, the month, the day and the date. Okay. So let's jump into our helping commands. So for the helping commands, actually, we have capacity means we can't have, we can't learn all the attributes or components like for example for LS LS minus i LS minus l LS minus R. This is attributes with a command ls. We can't remember all these things So, for them there is help command in helping command actually it will show all the attributes all the information related to that command in brief also in short form also etc okay In short, it is a dictionary means if you want to know something word you just look for a dictionary and open that out okay this means yet we can't learn all the words as they are thousands not thousands, millions of millions of words and they were the words are originating.

So here also act as a dictionary, which if you don't know any role of command just write command and use that had been come on and will show everything about that. Let me show you just take that this command only care which is our calculate calculator sorry, calendar okay. destroyed gas and this will show the uses of command. They actually just type of syntax. As you can see here, options there are options present. In options you can write, have one three, S and G right up in their sweat, there is a manual can remember this all things and then for the one three Julian's mind as a Chrome.

So this is useful this head command. If you want to learn more information of this command, then what you can do for that. Just write Mad Men does not mean that simple man or woman, men, it is A short form of manhood okay since right men and often writing men the strata Come on that kept not showing sorry showing a lot of information of gal C'mon parameters more detail history of its version a PTM, uniques, eligibilities etc There are none of us yeah, this is another thing which will show us seen in that helping command head command. Navigate into this manual at this plot of things here we can't look at for that. So for that, suppose if you want to search a vault and monetize unnecessary gear, okay, just this put forward slash And right here. So, the purpose of doing is that it will show that this keyword is present.

How many times where it is present and manuals like you can see now the word is highlighted and we can easily see where the use of this ear world. Okay, I hope you understand what I mean to say. And for doing pitch up, just click, just press pitch a button for down. Just first pitch down button. And just for doing quick, just press Q and you come out from that manual that that boring manual. Let me show you one of the most boring thing that is info because info It's much more deeper.

It contains more depth information of a command. So just write info, achievements, information, and then right care content a lot of information going on going on going on please don't please don't please don't please don't please don't. Please don't please don't please don't let me we can't get this on. So for this also, there's a social option, the swift WordPress s and the world, which you weren't looking for, like, format, just right in front of me. All format. No.

This is too much boy. You can also press tab here Let me open this one more time I'm in full Cal Yeah. Okay, okay, okay. Actually it is not fully loaded. That's where the tab functionalities not working 30% is completed 4345 to 70 No, actually there's no pointer for this node. So, we can't use an op which is used for next and previous and entered one things to have the details of links.

Let me come up from there it is too boring. This press Q and you will come out from that info part. In my last video I did in command ls which I noticed was actually it will show the tag tree means at least this press LS and windows to to look our directories which we generally use dir is also here which means directory. But the difference between this LS in dir you can easily find out that actually they are suing same things but In endless The difference is that it's showing color blue for folders as these are folders and for image is showing pink color, etc. But in dir they're proven. There's no color current less boring.

We can add in defy either it is folder, a file or image or music anything but in LS for different files or folders they're different colors for that. Okay, now I'm going to jump into our finder quiz Let me close this yeah This is our home You are the location press this my computer. Yeah. Now I'm going to discuss some of the important directories in RSU. system here when it contains all the user executable files in this boot folder, let me show inside. This are all the executable files, which are inside the bin folder.

Okay. And then comes our boot, which contains our kernels and boot loaders that grow okay. Then this EDC folder contains your configuration files. Your Yeah, this is all configuration files for different things like weeks month, etc. There are a lot of ones to adjust time aliases actually aliases that suppose there's long command ls minus A means it means anything out wrong wrong one command just if you want to call it with another name in real world suppose a person named Rabindranath Tagore a long name we will not call him always struggling not typo, we can ensure we can call Hara we come here into short form. You can also use other name also nicknames which gives LS and something like that.

It It is just to give a nickname to our command in short, okay, so this is all about our EDC fun our configuration files. Again home is our home directory then comes library this contains all share libraries that you have a look. Yeah. In Java that a lot of versus JVM this all files will be shared among all the users of Archer. Then for 64 bit media and empty, empty means mount. We didn't Of course, so thinking media music media, no, no No of that one.

Actually, they are all removable media. For example, USBs your external hard disk that comes under removable media. Actually, when you just plug it into your Computer your USB then it will consider your USB file system. So to handle that all stuffs there's two folders media and empty actually I am not connected with any USBs or any removal device devices so just showing empty mount this means mounting short MND then comes proc progress process on the task and the process all about is contained inside this folder that route again are on they're free, and then comes this aspirin and then they're different actually been issues for binaries, technically arrow and for SVM. It is source system executable in system by race they are essential binaries Countries system binaries. Yeah, they are all system binaries.

And inside essentially binaries. This SRV means Server Data it contains Server data, information about database, web page, anything like that. And as well as contains system permissions means actually deals with hardware. Okay hardware of your system, and TMP as in Windows TMP means temporary files, and thing and catch memory things. Any temporary files all will store inside this folder, this user and left this user folder also contains a safe libraries just like lib and this contains the Server Data, but inside it there is logs there is cash report. This mean spooling, etc.

So this is a look of our important directories of our HTML no underscore back to our terminal. Yeah, no. I'm going to have C'mon, name pwd. actually vote p w means. Um, let me explain you briefly that each shell and system process has a current working directory to have a look into that working directory you have to just type pwd not probably will be permanent, it just shows our current working directory as my current directory is our route the slash means root folder and inside root folder this home folder and inside home folder there is a folder named her inside it we are working and inside this pro her this all contents are inside for her okay This displays absolute path to the cells. Yeah, and one more thing I want to discuss suppose a family right touch you this touches us foot to create a fight a b c dot d x d Yeah, the file is now created You can clearly see there is a file name ABC dot txt and a file name is in capital letter ABC dot txt there are different this is shows that they are given case sensitive means they are not considered same ABC dot txt in short and small case and ABC in long case they're different and this names can have 255 characters except a forward slash because their forward slash means or root one.

Okay. Now currently, where we are again you probably work sorry, pwd home. No press CD dot dot. Here CD means to change our directory changing directory. We you can also use instead of dot dot actually, it works On Windows cd dot.if we destroy CD right dekstop in this manner we know in index top okay inside the desktop folder and to get back on from here White's Norwalk King. Actually there is a space between cd space dash that I was missing here, here, but not here okay.

By using this cd space dash, you will be go one step above Miss, perceive you were in texto. Now we will come out from desktop to back into our home folder appro r1 okay LS already told you what are they to list you all the directory contain just write LS to have more details destroyed ls space l that should be there actually is a folder named total inside attack Stop showing here with detail showing the detail complete detail that this folder is created on this this date and permissions are also written there. There's 17 folders inside pycharm and the date is also there. This LD is a directory and the sim Lang formations and to have hidden files. This press E. Here a means all files. Whenever we just read ls it will not considered hidden files.

If you want to have to display our hidden files you have to just write lsps Mansky as I said, your cache constraint anything which you want go back to our this folder Yeah, we created a file ABC dot txt and etc. You can press right click button to open this folder, open it into your new tab, open in new window open with other applications cut is there copies there. This I'm showing because you can handle your graphical This is a graphical mode from you can easily handle this cut operation copy operation, move to operation copy to operation move to trash, rename conference open terminal as Accra But you can also handle this all thing with command propulsion with your terminal also. So for copy your file from one place to another, you have to write C P. Okay, and for moving you file you have to just write MP.

To copy a file, just you have to write CP, then your file name and the source with destination Okay, inside for hard going after right this ABC dot txt. Then you have your current directory. And now I'm going to write our destination directory. sight documents No, you can see that there actually there was not nothing here before performing this action. Now after having this command, we successfully omitting that ABC dot txt into this directory. No.

You can also move this insert dot txt into another folder. For that actually this move means using firstly using cut operation which it will cut this ABC dot txt from this current file folder. Then after this it will paste into our destination folder. I hope you understand Watch. I'm going to show just open here terminal vi inside documents. So you have to write Nv and ABC dot txt, your location code, document documents.

And again, great home for me see the folders? The Chase empty pictures. Okay. Let me write pictures here. Sure. Yeah, you can see that we are successfully move that file ABC txt from that document folder.

Oops something went wrong This document folder Okay, we also move that desktop folder into documents we copied we actually cut it this all things. Let me take it back. Yes using graphical mode Ctrl x plus Ctrl V. If you want to perform this task using terminal you have to read CP or copy MV for move that is all about copy and move operations in Terminal. Now I'm going to discuss how to create directories, then how to remove that directories and a Sakura c DQD Hey, it is if I can see that we have successfully created a folder here a no I found this folder to be deleted. To delete this folder just right and our dir here RM means remove and Dr means directory and the name of the directory. Yes, in this way I had firstly created a folder and now delete that folder because this not no views.

You can use this terminal option also and you can also use your graphical also just click here, right click And you can delete from here also move to trash and Linux based systems there is trash and for your windows this Recycle Bin, you can create a folder either using Shift Ctrl N, or you can just press right click of your mouse and new folder is there. All right there you can use this terminal one. Actually MK dir and RM dir this options for that freeze but if you want to have for a file, this straight empty and a a actually, there's no empty here that is there consider empty that is there which I had already told you. Touch it a D xD is folders created and for remove that file not dir just write RM a a dot d x d this will delete that file there's lots of options there like attributes like I guess RM minus inf and then file name here it means interactive, then RM dash M and then the file name this means forcefully reduce this remove this file and for recursively calling your remove function suppose index job there's a file name ABCD Okay, again index is one more folder 123 anything in standard 123 folder again this ABCD text and if you want to delete using single command this ABC text from and that text inside text oh and inside 123 folder, this Right our space mines are because here are mysteries recursive means it This command will be called recursively.

After performing deletion inside inside their folder, it comes from here and delete look for that file again and it will go into duplicate again and it will delete again again delete that that file is not present in that directory. This graphical mode you can call it also nauseous genome graphical file system browser which is very easy to handle this all to move and copying this. You can just hold it and drag and drop Wait I open this folder I'm home yeah Seeing my mouse button is very disturbing. But yeah it is there when you will do drag and drop if you go inside this folder so, here I am going to end up this session Till now I had discuss firstly I discussed that simple commands date and that cold calling driven then discuss that help commands then I jump into our file directories, disco, discuss all them, then we discuss that how to create your directory how to move and copy, perform that operations and many more things.

I hope you understand. And for any query you can just ask here in our forum. So for too long, keep practicing, keep Moving and all the best