Friends here in this video we are going to learn about file processing and various operations on files that we can do, we can find the file, search in the database and look up and perform certain operations. So let's start here is a command that is called a locate, which can be used to locate a file. It is you it works as a query on a prebuilt database of path or files on the system. The path for the directory or to exec file location is query. The database must be updated by the administrator is to be required. The full path is searched not just a file name.

Here the file name is not just a source, but you need to provide the file name that could match for example the syntax of writing the locate is Right locate expand command, LLC at provide a space and provide the name of the file which is to be searched. So, it will search for a file called FUBAR. In the name or path. We can use various options as well as an argument like AI and nx. The AI performs case insensitive search, as we have no the capital is small, the mixed and every possible combination using a small n capital character for the same spelling set. Similarly, nx Command Option would allow you to list only the first x matches.

Suppose multiple files with the same name exist in the location and you want to display on the first file. So you can define it by writing a minus m file after the loop Come on, you may only search directories where the user has read and execute permission only at that location for the non root users. If you are a root user you can search anywhere. Then there is another command that is similar to find but is somewhat more advanced, which is called find, you can open a file with find, unlike locate find will do a real time search of the machines file system to find files that match the criteria of the command line arguments. Since file find is looking at files in the file system, as your user account you must have read and execute permission as locate. For a directory to examine its content.

The locate, we need the same read and exit Permission here it is also required. The, it is a slower but more accurate than locate. The current working directory is used if no starting directory is given. All files are matched if no criteria is given, a criteria you can define the number of files. Here we have multiple options. The argument for find is a list the syntax you need to write the find command provide the directory, the criteria and action.

The action means exit file name. Suppose, we write this command as find minus name and it's no dot png is not PNG is an image file with extension PNG and file name is no and we want to use this name option. So this the language search for files named as is no dot png in the current directory as we have not provided a location similarly, if you right I name it will perform case insensitive search for file name. And if we want to search for files anywhere on the system that ends with any particular extension, you could write as a test, find a slash provide a space minus name. And within single code, write asterik dot extension. For example, if you want to sell sci fi, just like a strict t stick means all any file anything could take place off s3 or if you want to search our file you need to write aspect or Java.

Similarly wildcards could also be used and they have to be provided within the single quotes as well. You can search for In any folder, you can pass those things you can find with a logical operator as well. Suppose you want a logical operation of an or not. You can do so by writing the syntax for all you can negate with a minus o or a smaller for not you can write with minus nine. Parentheses can be used to determine logic order, but must be escaped in bash. The format for writing this thing could be the find command it works with Fine, fine, minus user user return option.

The name of the user is Joe here. And if you want to use not command, not option here, you can use a Minus naught and minus group you, it will omit with a group you. Similarly you can use or if condition must be true, not will check if the following conditions are not condition is false, then only the first condition is matched and foreign work conditions need to be true. You can find with permission can match ownership by file name, or Id even do so with the perm p RM argument. You can match octal or symbolic permissions. You can match exactly any permissions for example, 755 with a combination of permission for the same user group and others.

The first digit represent the same user, which you are which is currently using the device system. Then the secondary data represent its group And the third digit rester users route have a privilege over everyone. So don't worry. You can find with a numeric criteria, many criteria can take numeric values. For example, of file with a size of size, exactly 10 megabytes, if you want to search 10 megabytes, nine megabyte gigabyte, and so you could write, find minus size, the file name, obviously you need to provide and then after the size argument, right, the size of the file, whatever you want. If I want 10 Mb, I will write 10 and capital M. After that.

If I want 10 gb I will write 10 and then G, capital G, and so on. If you want a file with size over a particular area Suppose over 10 Mb if I want, I would just simply write plus symbol before 10. Similarly, if I want a file with size less than 10 Mb, I would write minus sign before 10. So this is a numeric based criteria, it would be helpful if you know the file size. For example, if you want to distinguish between image and text, both may have the same name. But image file is usually bigger than a text file.

So you can do a search to its usage. Similarly, you can find an access times with for accessing time you can use the options a time when the file was last read the last edit and you can the last meta data change the metadata the data about data or the file information is changed. value given in days. If you want to search for 10 days ago, you can write the command like, find slash TMP that will be location minus c time plus 10. It will search files change more than 10 days ago. After the filename.

You can also use a value of minutes and seconds as well. You can execute command with fine commands can be executed on sound files. They must be preceded with minus x cc or minus Okay, option the minus okay option with a prompt before acting on each file. It will alarm you and command must end with a space. You can use a parenthesis opening and closing parentheses curly braces as a file name placeholder syntax for writing this thing could we here in the last line of find minus size here we are defining the size. So it was search files with size greater than 100 Mb, because we have use plus symbol, then by writing minus, okay, it will prompt you before acting on each file.

Then we are writing MB that is a move command, providing the curly braces as a file name placeholder. So you don't need to repeatedly write the same file name and provide a directory. That's all. Similarly, we can perform backup operation on configuration files by adding a dot o r, g extension. The format of writing this thing is find minus name. within single quotes provide configuration file, State DOT conf.

It will search for configuration file The minus x EC and CP command CP would be used for copying. And just simply right dot for it, it will backup the file, make a copy of that file, it will store in another location and add an extension dot o r It is useful original to distinguish between original and duplicate a prompt to remove any users name file that are three days four days old, you can do so with the same text as here, the using the C time and the plus three symbol. The C time would count the date and the plus will remove the more than three days. If you don't write press on a plus symbol, it will check exactly three days old if you write minus symbol, it will take less than three days and so on. You can fix other right Variable files on your home directory.

With a CH mod You can also apply the CH mod command here. Similarly, you can list all the directory with ls command you can execute the ls command as well. You can find different files that end with a particular extension like sh shell script, but are not executable by anyone. You can do so and perform the permission the permission is a plus 111 more than one and we are using NOT operator Jail Free this last command we want to search shell script files which are not executable by anyone and make it executable by everyone. We have to change them we have to find Sally script and think the permissions so the We need to write the command find minus not it will check if the permission is not satisfied the minus form for permission plus 111 more than one one is for read if has more than one half for execute if more than execute, then they will be omitted then provide the name the files name as string.sh would be searching all the files with sh extension then okay it will change the permission with ch mod 755 and so on.

It may look somewhat complex to you, but it is not complex when you give it a try and practice these commands. It will be a fun you will enjoy it really. So, this was a brief introduction about this. Find command locate command and various target That we can use along with this plan. It would be very helpful if you want to locate particulars files based on certain parameters and perform backups and various operations. So keep learning keep moving ahead.

We will be learning more in the coming videos.