As part of my research for my first book and current book, I look at organizations and how they've evolved over the last the last hundred years. Basically, an organization can be split into two dimensions, day to day activities running of the business, in changing of the business. These are the projects that transforming create new value in the future. Over 100 years, what has happened is that the focus was on day to day activities. There were not many projects hundred years ago, it was mostly do the job and just create the product and sell it but there were many moments where there were major business thinkers, which provided new ways of management for the businesses to be more efficient to produce more and reduce the cost. One of them is the mass production which the best example is fourth and reform in the T model.

They were doing just one type of card We knew was always black. But he forced like people to specialize in one thing, so just do one thing, do it hundred times and you will become very good and will, efficiencies will increase. Then you see something about quality and total quality management with Deming. He was very successful in Japan and it's about introducing continuous change in the business to become every time better and better. So you see this trend happening in the chart. So what happens is that you need less people to do the day to day activities.

There's no computers PCs, but and then the people will start working more in projects that so the shift was very gradual, moving from day to day activities to projects. But the challenge comes here when artificial intelligence and robots will be hitting the companies in mainstream media. So in some industry, the shape is going to be radical. So the companies will not have many people working on the day to day operations that's quite to be done by machines. What happens is that people will move into projects, innovation, creativity, human relationships, and emotional and that's where some industries are already there. That shift between the today tours project is happening now, and that we'll see later on, how impacts the organization's the way they're organized.