Hello, in this video we are going to look at datatype for variables. In the previous video we looked at variables very briefly, we just looked at the integer datatype. Now we're going to have a look at the various other, you know, variables, you know the various other data types there are. So, I'll simplify this a bit and I'll just have the one integer assign a value of nine. That's pretty cool. System dot out dot print ln.

Ah, okay. So, the integer a integer can't, you know hold? No, a, an, almost like an infinitely high number. It has you know, restrictions. Do you know due to memory is basically a 32 It variable so you stop using 32 bits in memory. And what that ultimately means is it has the most long comments be allowed a min value are minus 2,000,000,001 minus 2,000,000,147 483 648.

If you want that, in tunes are like power of two is minus two to the power of 31. You may be interested in that Well, so, that's the smallest value that he can hold which is, you know, a very small value and then the largest value is 2,147,000,004 95 From row 47, and this is two to the power 41 minus one because it is 32 bits in size. Okay, so that's a integer variable, and those are the valid range. And most of the time, if you're storing just whole numbers, this is what you'll be using is an integer variable. But there are other types of variables as well for numbers. And let's cover some the other ones.

So if let's say you know that the value you're storing in there is a small value, really small value, you can use something called a bite. So by the time I'll press here in didja data max, min value max value and into the data, byte data type a byte data type using eight bits in memory, and the smallest value it can store in the binary is negative eight, which is negative two to the power of seven, the highest value in you might be able to guess if you know what we did last time is the same as this without the minus takeaway one. So it's effective range is 256 numbers in 2018, and 27 here and together you get 25 plus zero, so it's 256 different numbers and is eight bits is two to the power of eight which will be put in a calculator, you get 256 say with this group.

Put two to the power of 32 a calculator, you'll get less plus this plus an extra one because no, this doesn't factor in zero, you know that's a valid number as well to the seven minus one. So that's a bite boy to like so. I should pull this in for this vlog so now let's continue on. Let's look at down made a mistake this should be a capital a lowercase b. Boy, I will run it in a very soon. So, the next variable type we are going to cover is a short So still an integer, you know, in terms of, you know the numbers, it can only contain whole numbers, but can contain a number as large as an integer or as small as a byte.

So it's a short data type, and it has 16 bits in memory that it will use. So it's negative two to the power 15 to 16 and the valid values of 32 768 should say negative credit 2000. And this is 167. Okay, pretty cool. And this should be shaped like so. And I'll call this okay.

Now we're still going to deal with whole numbers. But you can have a number or data type that can store values larger than, you know, 2 billion or 147 blahdy blahdy blah. And that is called a long data type. Don't worry learning this will just generally be a one time process because pretty much the same structure in most languages, okay, so this is called long and to my memory to guess the actual range, 64 bits in size and the value, this is a large one, and I've got different another screen I am not remembering this. So I will try and say what the number is, after I wrote, typed in all of the For that you need to store some really large numbers. The long is your best friend 6363 let me just try and you know, say this number is 1000 million billion trillion quadrillion is no conductor quadrillion quintillion, that even if this is a very big for long is very big and the key word for this is just long.

So if I do long and we're assigning the same value, that's fine Just so you know, this is how you create it assigning is insane usage is the same, but this is the minimum value. If you try and set a value, you know, outside of this range, it will just restrict it within that range. So that's what will happen. Most of the time laughs at integers will suffice. So these are whole numbers, phone numbers. Now we are going to get on to decimal numbers which have honestly a pretty similar structure.

So if I copy this decimal number, the first date type of decimal number is float data type. This is 32 bits in size, you know it's uses a floating point which basically means it, it can support decimals. Okay, and the difference to bits inside that is fine. And okay, so the min and max values don't really matter too much for this it can be a bit unpredictable. So you could just put float, float, float, you can do so like knock on zero, for example. cannot convert double to F at the end, by default, she put a decimal he will do it as a float, I mean a double, which is what we'll cover now, double data type is same other flop it has 64 bits.

So you know means it has a higher precision in terms of after the decimal point. And you can either put a D there to indicate that it's a Oh, should we do boom, you can even put D there or just put nothing at all. Either one of them is five hours per day, just so you know, the actual post. And that's it for actual numbers. There's two, I would say, three more data types that I would like to cover. So, the first one, or the first new one is going to be going to me datatype and, you know, in terms of memory, this is just one digit inside.

The Boolean, if you do not know is either 01 off or on false or true. That's it. And the key word for this so well Blue and the value that you assigned to it is something along the lines of true now it is true. What is up sorry, is Boolean in Java the wallboard true or false true is the equivalent one false is the equivalent of zero true so this is a boolean data type and we're going to be covering using these different data types in you know separate videos within this series. This video is just purely about the different data types, the minimum maximum values the smoking contain the keywords to actually use that datatype and any other no extras like this like here. So the next day type we are going to come back is a character data type.

So a character data type. I will put here One and this is 16 bits in size bits and the key word is Shaw. And this is literally you know, any character that you can think of, you know, look at a beefy the letter I mean numbers are also characters. So 1234 the equal symbol or dash, you know square brackets, all of them are characters. So, try to find Kota because single quotation marks and you put something in here spaces find the space is technically a character. We'll put the, let's write some extra little sort of task for you.

I'll say check out the ASCII table to look at the different characters are all available. And the final one, the absolute final one that we are going to cover is Straight to run this will still run Okay, everyone fine okay what let's just copy this like so. So strings I think you can guess you know, simply put just alive It's so multiple highlighters and raw string type string string datatype in terms of its size we will actually cover that in a separate video because we're going to have separate videos for Cajun numbers and strings to go more in depth in to them. So for do our string equals double quotation marks this time let's say if I say hello world string data type and now I'm going to do duplicate this. So what do we have we have Boyd short int long, boy. Short in long float, double Boolean, low double, Boolean, double play, double blue, char and string.

So if we get rid of all of these right see what we get. There we go. So you get three nines or four nine for the first one or not look here, which are, you know, whole numbers that we get to death. Both for the float and double double just has higher precision. And long just can store large values experiment with this, assign large values to print a true because that's what we assigned to it and char printed the letter A, and then rostering prints out. Hello, world.

So, yeah, that is it. For data types. I know we've gone through quite a lot in this video, so feel free to go over the video again, absorb it in your head. If you have any questions, which I'm sure you will feel free to reach out and I will help you the source code from this video. And every other part in this series will be on GitHub, and a link to GitHub will be attached with this video. And as usual, thanks for watching, and I look forward to seeing you in the next video where we'll be using some of this stuff and over the course of this series.

Goodbye