Once we are in our studio, we can now start looking at the different aspects of our studio and also start writing simple programs. First thing we do is we open up our script. So you can say file, new script. And here on the top you can write your code. And when you say run that you can see the run in the console, which is in the right left bottom. So firstly, we can see the here we have different tabs.

In the Files tab, we can see the files in the directory which is the current working directory as far as artists from our studio and artists concerned at this point of time. You can change the current working directory we will discuss it later. Then under packages you'll see the different packages which are installed in the current machine. There is a Help tab and there is a viewer tab And there is a tab for plots when you create graphs, the graphs are displayed in this tab. Okay, the first thing we can do is we can install some packages. There are a lot of packages in our installer package, you said tools installed package, I need give the name of the package.

Let's say for example, we want to install the package called carrot. The carrot is a very powerful package, which is used for predictive analytics. So type in the name of the package. You can see the package name is case sensitive. After you the package name, say install. It installs not only the package but also the dependencies, all the dependencies that the package has.

So this takes a while and this depends on the speed of your internet and also the speed of your machine. The package is downloaded from the CRAN website and each packages then installed So this will take a while. So now the numbered number of dependencies which every package has are different and this is automatically computed by r. So, you do not have to worry about this. So you need to basically find out which package is most useful for you. When you see the package installation is complete. There is another way to install the package where you can give it as a command, we can write the command install dot packages.

And within quotes, we can give the name of the package. We won't run this command right now, as you have already installed this package called cat. Once the package is installed, we can invoke the package by giving the library command. So we say library carrot, before the contents of the package can be utilized the library has to be invoked, and it has to be done in this manner. Now we can save our file by saying File, Save. And we select a directory and we give the name of this file as test.

So the file is saved as test dot r. So you can see the name of the file on the top test dot r. Okay, we can run the Indu commands individually just highlight the commands and press run. So you see when you say run the package carrot is now loaded. You can see the list of all the installed packages by giving the command the installed packages. Now we can run this command by saying run and you see all the installed packages are listed here. Chose the version of the package and the directory Where it is stored. Now, we see that there is a lot of information.

So, let us see the command row names, if we say row names of installed packages and if we run this command you will see only the packages which I installed are displayed here, I reset the environment so, you do not see the carrot package here anymore. So now, in a program, we can right use this we can say if the carrot package is available in the installed packages by using the command presentations, percentage a percentage, and then we say if this is equal to false, that means the package is not in the list. Only in that case, we installed the package called carrot. Okay now Let us run this and see what happens. See it starts installing the package carrot because as I told you I reset the environment that carrot package was not available. So, once in a program we can write this command and after this Command C it started installing the package.

So after this installation command, then we can ship the library command after this so that the library is loaded. So the program will install the package if it is not there and then invoke the library so that it is available. And we can remove the command install packages to standalone. So in a program, we can write it as follows. Now we can save our safeties in a file in our file, file, save and we are good so far. Now let's do some basic operations on our we start with creating our Vector vector is an array of numbers, you can do that by giving the Command C. And within brackets I type in some numbers arbitrary.

I try to give 10 different numbers 14216789 and 10. Okay. Now let's run this command. So when you run this command, you'll see that this is a vector containing 10 different numbers. Now I can store this in a variable, let me call that variable as x and store it in that. So I can say x was done, gosh, and get this is the assignment operator in art.

So I run this So now we have created this variable called x, we can see the contents of x by just typing x, and we can run it. So we see that x is a vector containing 10 different numbers, we can do various operations on X. To start with a simple one, we say sum x. Let's run it. See, we get the sum of all the 10 numbers, we can do another operation, that's a mean of x. And we run this, it gives the mean I can also find the standard deviation of these numbers 10 different numbers as a as the x.

So that's the sort of deviation I can get all of this by giving the command summary which is summary x. And Annette it gives the a lot of information gives the minimum value the maximum value The first four tiles core time, median mean, so we can get all this information. Okay, now let's create another vector, say why and we again put in 10 different numbers arbitrarily for Okay, let's see what we have what 11 so I removed one Okay. So now we have another vector worldwide Okay. Now we can see the value of y. So y also contains 10 different values.

Now we can do a statistical operation, especially from the package character. That is we try to find the correlation between x and y. We can Give the command correlation to our x comma y. This is only available in the package carry. So, when I give it give the correlation of minus 0.51. Now let us see how to create a graph.

To create a graph we use the basic graph command, there are a lot of graph commands, we use the basic one called q plot. So, the Q plot and we create a scatter graph between x and y is a Q plot x comma y. Let's run this command and see how we get there you have your scatter plot. So, far we have done some basic work with our we have learned how to install packages, we have seen how vector can be defined and how simple operations on a vector can be done. We have also seen how to utilize the functions in a package. And lastly, what we saw was how to create graphs a simple graph Now we start working with real data.