Hello, everyone. So let's get started with the PCB design course with Eagle. Now before starting any hands on experiments, there is some basic concepts which needed to be cleared. And that's what we're going to do in this session. So this session is about the basics of printed circuit board. If you are completely aware of the basics of PCB, you may skip this or even just watch it by forwarding but I would recommend you to please motion this video completely.

Let's get started. So what is a PCB PCBs transfer a printed circuit board. From a very long time, we might have been seeing this kind of sockets in our textbooks at number of different blogs and blog different websites. And we also see these kind of boards or PCBs. So creating PCB or printed circuit board is the best way to materialize and manufacture a socket. So, if you want to be a real form to any circuit on paper, then what you need is a printed circuit board, where this kind of actual components can be soldered that's PCB printed circuit board.

And generally this PCB is created out of material which looks like this. So, this is a bare PCB, and how it is made up of what it is made up of, it's a construction like this. So, there is a substrate which is generally a mixed material which is non conductive in nature and onto this kind of substrate there is a thin layer of copper deposited onto it. So, the verdict of this copper varies according to the material or the type of the PCB, a standard width is 35 micron. So, this is a substrate and on which this is a copper. Likewise, the PCB looks something like that.

And using this kind of PCBs what we do is we basically scratch the circuits onto this PCB board. This is a single sided PCB, which consists of a substrate and a copper layer deposited onto which this is a double sided PCB. So, on a double sided PCB, the copper deposition or the copper appears on both sides on the top side as well as on to the bottom set. So, copper layers and will have different thickness standards 34 micron substrate which is the base material is usually fiberglass and this one and technically it is called as fr for normally fr four is a standard type of PCB budget there are different types of facilities available also. This core gives PCB the rigidity and the thickness which is required for mounting the board somewhere. The quality of the board also depends or virus upon the thickness of this particular PCB.

The Point mmm to 2.67 these are the thicknesses which are available and use most widely the simplest form of PCB or the most common one which you will find in number of different projects is 1.67 thick. So, this is the thickness of the entire board, including the copper sub stretch, cerebral this obstruct and this is how a normal PCB looks like the process of PCB is drawing a particular circuit onto this board. So, this is the copper board we see. And what we have to do is we have to actually draw a circuit over here, using some method we'll discuss that, after we draw the socket onto this what we need to do is that socket needs to be drawn we can Inc and then what we do is each this board, we see each in each segments what we insert or we subset submerge this liquid this world into a liquid solution made up of ferric chloride After eating what happens is wherever you your tracks are present or wherever the ink is present of your schematic or socket except that part all other parts or all other copper or rest of the entire copper is melted inside the aging process.

Then what we do is we drill the PCB wherever we want to insert components we sorted the components and when we finished this system, do it yourself PCB looks like this. Now, this is not each specific. This is milled using a machine in an each PCB you won't see this copper at all. So all the copper except this tracks is melted in the aging process. Normally we don't have a milling machine and that's why we follow eating at home. The DIY versus manufactured there is a big difference in it a manufactured PCB, it's something which we do not create at our homes.

So what we do is we send it to the professionals who manufacture it for us and they send it board which looks something like this, a dry PCB will always look this or something better than that, but not much different, but it has manufacturing looks like this. And this was we're going to study how we can create a manufactured PCB, there are some very common things that you see first and most apparent thing is that the color of the PCB as you can see, this looks green. So, this green color is nothing but the solder mask, it's soldered solder mask, it is a layer on the copper or it is on the layer on the complete copper of the PCB. And it gives the PCB its color, red, green, blue, black and nowadays there are many different colors of solder mask are available. It protects those copper layer from being exposed to the open air or atmospheric air and thereby protects the oxidation process of it.

And it is present everywhere onto the PCB except you can see this cases There are a component needs to be soldered or a pad or a component needs to be placed and soldered. So through holes and assembly paths here in one city solder mask is everywhere it's present. Second part of the PCB you need to understand it's something called itself on every manufacturer PCB, you will see something like this and it's always usually in white color at the max pitch it might have been in yellow color, this is called a silkscreen and it gives the identification on the PCB pair which component needs to be mounted So, you can say this square sizes here for this IC and for this transistors there is this kind of drawing. On the next trick, we have this power symbol and then the smaller symbol and this one for capacitor.

So it is therefore identification of the component names symbols, so manufacturer data as you want my put it and pin names, pin number as well as names. So if I Do you want to insert your logo like this This one is from sparkfun. So, they have inserted the logo on Twitch. So, you can put any kind of text and ASCII data onto the screen. These are some common terms with respect to PCB design process DRC transfer design rule check hole is the hole here, a component is to be inserted pad. It's something like this.

So hole is used for through hole components where it has to be mounted on one side and soldered onto the other side pad is used for surface mounting type devices where you just place the component unsolder it there itself via is something like this. Here we don't insert a component but still we have a hole and since we don't insert the component hole of knives smaller as compared to this one's via is used to connect the top layer with the bottom layer or any other layer present inside the PC. So whenever you want To create any kind of PCB except single sided, you will use violets track is the copper line connecting the two parts. jumper is something which is not seen on the specs but where you can't route a track between two points what you do is you place a jumper. So while soldering it with time, what you do is you connect to a small piece of wire from one point to the other point and you make that connection plane is the excess copper area you can see here this is the plane.

This is the plane, this is the plane This is the digital you can see it's completely it has planes and these are the tracks in this and footprint is the component print onto the PC. So this component footprints are connected to the other components using this tracks. Then the two tracks have different layers are connected using vias holes are there for inserting components parts are there for soldering the assembly components. plane is there to fill the PCB with ground or Vcc plane. That's all about the most important common terms. I always say that PCB designing is an art and science in itself because you need to be very well aware of the socket as well as you need to have an artistic mind to create the proper tracks to route different holes.

And one letter was used in a very, very passive age long before people used to hand draw the PCBs onto the board using some carbon printing method or using some sticky tapes. Now what is using computer aided design tool is very common for designing this PCBs. It's a job of craftsmanship, and it requires a lot of practice and understanding. So you will definitely get started with designing PCBs but to become expert you will have to practice the more you practice the more experts you will get into this game. These are some most popular capsules which have been used today. There are many other definitely I'm not mentioning all of them just mentioning some some of them, support them.

One of the very oldest I know common tool for PCB designing now it's called as altium designer, then Eagle which we are going to use in this course, which is the most popular tool used across the world by hobbyists, as well as developers, as well as manufacturers, Mentor Graphics pads used by many big companies, probably the costliest of all the premium software's. Then there is Eazy E. This is a free web based tool, which is also pretty much powerful. But it is fairly new in the market. Key CAD which is developed by Sun Corp, and then there are many more. So all of all these what we're going to use for this course is Eagle. Four holds three as far as premium both images are available.

The reason for choosing a guide Because it is the most widely used tool across the globe, you see audio.cc ud cc sparkfun.com, you see for the factory, any project site, and if they share any open source hardware 99%, chances are that the hardware is designed using Eagle. It is free for developing limited side double sided PCBs. And even if you want a full version of it, it has a monthly package. So it's quite affordable even for an individual to use Eagle for its productive work. Their solution is simple. There is a very, very large component library created by a number of different developers across the globe, who have created many libraries using Eagle.

The learning curve is pretty small two to three hours Max, that is the duration of this course and that's what we are going to take to learn PCT and it also handshakes with the other Autodesk software eagle is now purchased by Autodesk so it easily hand shapes with other software's like fusion 360 for a panel mode. So you can also see how your panel looks How to basically get actually fixed into it using equal. The last thing to discuss is the measurement units on the PCB. Generally the measurement units on the PCB are measured in th or tau, which is point 001 of an inch, it equals to 0.0254 mm or 0.00 to five four centimeter, this is a standard unit of PCB designing tools and tools used almost everywhere. Instead of POW you can also use mm, but how is preferred So, just get an idea about this unit system.

So, what we are going to do first is we are going to create a single sided PCB. We're going to create a schematic of find parts using Eagle checking their footprints place them and join them and finish a particular schematic and the first session that we are going to do and for that, what we are going to do is we're going to create a free version Power Supply something which you must have been familiar with till now. And that's exactly what we're going to do in our first session. So, that's about the session for basics. I hope you will have clarified some of the doubts that we have previously. And this should be helpful for you.

So all the best for learning all the experiments. Happy learning