Good morning. Today we're going to discuss introduction to talent spotting. Talent spotting include the identification, cultivation and recruitment of our sources of information, which in human intelligence is obviously human beings. They are a source of information we're going to discuss is a sequence of source handling. How do we manage this process of trying to get information from human sources? What are the characteristics of a potential contact or a source?

How we define access to answer our information requirements and the terminology we're going to mention a couple of seconds, just so it's clear for you. Now before we look into detail, I would like to introduce you to the intelligent cycle bearing in mind that human intelligence is a component part of intelligence which coding cludes technological intelligence eavesdropping, mapping, intelligence preparation of the operation environment for instance in different forms of intelligence, human intelligence is a different form of intelligence gathering. So, when I talk about information requirements, you see there in the red, the planning and direction phase that is where I get some clear definition, clear definition sorry, from the client about exactly what information they want. It may be information that they want on a weekly basis such as the intentions of criminal gangs, movements from A to B on roads, the structures of bridges can they can they trucks Those bridges.

And we may want daily updates because their effectiveness of the effect of, of the bridge may change on a weekly basis due to the weather conditions, or it may be long term information requirements is in the form of let's try and find this person here. He's a criminal, he's murdered people in a village. So over the next year, we're going to keep asking about him, we're going to keep pushing away, but we don't expect to get a whole lot of information until we get to the right point until we get to the right person. So it could be a long term effort. On the orange to the right, the collection phase is where we put together all our information requirements and plan how we're going to gather this information with who and where and when, of course when is the critical part. So the collection is part you'll have a collection plan which you're Put together and then go out and collect your information based on the information requirements from the first place.

Processing and exploitation. You're gathering all this information in, you're putting it together with other bits of information, you're starting to make it into intelligence. So how do you exploit that intelligence? And that also is an area where you may want to go back and ask more questions. So you could go back to the collection phase and redefine who you want to speak to the yellow, the analysis of production phases, where, again, you synthesize and put all this information together using your analysts who know about previous events, who know, have good ideas about what could happen in the future of next week of next month, maybe a year. And that is all put together and usually in a report format.

And that could be verbal or written reports and written reports in totally different, totally different stats, and green. So the final bit of this cycle. The dissemination phase is how do you push out that information to the client? How did the client want the information? Wasn't a PowerPoint brief? Was it a verbal briefing, we stand up and give all the details and then they can ask lots of questions.

How do you get all that information, the analysis out to the client, and then you're back to the planning and direction. If it's a weekly collection cycle, then that just takes around and takes around. Friday, you'll disseminate the reports and on Monday, you'll start the whole collection process again. But that may be that once you've disseminated one report, the client wants you to go back, he's got other work for you. Or she's got all the work for you. And they'll give you some direction on what they want, what they need and in what format.

So this is a bit of a side sidebar. But this is important to understand when I talk about information requirements is where it comes from and where it fits in the overall planning phase. And one thing I I should mention is down on the bottom and the process and exploitation phases where other forms of intelligence may come in it may be that you want a purely human report or you may want to use mapping you may want to synthesize it with other forms of intelligence that have been gathered from technical means or via the countless various types of intelligence you pat in the back and all it's all based on what the what the client wants. So, that's the intelligence cycle. For some terminology, I'm trying to stick with source like a service sometimes use contact, interchangeably exactly the same. So the source is a person, obviously in human intelligence form that can provide you with information or they may be a conduit to the next step that can provide you with information example for that may be a major criminal uses of restaurant every week, you've learned that from a different source, so you can't approach him directly.

But you may be able to approach someone working in that restaurant who can give you access to what they're talking about at the table. For instance, it's a bit of a loose, loose example. But source can be a conduit onto the next source, who can provide you more detailed and more relevant and more credible information. And as I mentioned, information requirements is the information that your client wants. But also, it may be information that you need, it may be that you're collecting on certain aspects of society, certain incident types, like terrorist attacks, for instance. And so you're just collecting generally on a week by week basis, that collection may enhance your analysis of the information that you're going to provide to the client.

So there's different levels of information required. But what generally when we speak about IRS, it's in relation to the information that the client wants. So tell us boxing, this is let's say it's quite complex, it depends on the information that you're looking for. Obviously, there's no point talent spotting someone who works at McDonald's if you need information about weapons movements from A to B, unless he's involved in that weapons movement, but it was just a random guy working in McDonald's. He doesn't know much talent as far as answering our information requirements goes. So you have to focus on who can give you the information regarding that weapons movement.

And this is the constant process of seeking people who are suitable for use as a source and you're going to learn later on in the lessons that not everyone is suitable as a source. There's unaware sources and aware sources are unaware of those who are Realize that you're pumping them for information that could answer your information requirements. And the wild ones are. Maybe you have criminals in place as sources and they're providing them information. They know why you want the information. And they know that that information is going to go into a report in some form, and there may well be payment for that for payment by other means, and we'll discuss that later on.

So obviously, we're looking at meeting a standing information requirement standing means it's weekly, bi weekly, monthly yearly reports, but you know, every specific time point, you produce a report to answer the clients information requirements. So before that, you have to have your collection plan, have to collect the information, process it, analyze it, and then prepare to disseminate it at the right time. And surely in response to specific IRS if it's not standing information, is not in your calendar every Monday you have to do this and this, you may have specific information requirements, I asked you to find out about that criminal in the restaurant. That could be a specific ion, that could be a long term thing. It could be a four month, six months a year approach to try and get to the right level of access. And again, I'll cover that in a couple of seconds.

So the right level of source that can answer that specific information requirement. And it may be that you're looking towards the future good analysts or good intelligence professional is always going okay, well, I need information on this criminal this restaurant. But in the future, the client may well ask me more about information about what vehicles do they use? Who does the meat in the restaurant? What are they talking about? Are they armed?

How can we expand out the information requirements so we can start collecting more more information They may answer the clients information requirements in the future. So we'll start to be very proactive. And that's a key part of talent spotting. It's not just what you need now, it's what do you think we're going to need in the future could be talking about weeks, months, years again, of course. So the sequence was pretty simple. We obviously have to identify a person of interest or who has the access to that information.

I talked about the restaurant so it can be someone who's working in kitchens or a busboy, waiter who has access to the person that we know has the information in his head. The criminal uses the restaurant. So just by pure exploitation example, there could be a beautiful waitress who works in that restaurant and we encourage her to attract this criminals attention. It is very exploitative and there Most likely be a business sort of relationship between us and the waitress. But she's the conduit, she's the next step to getting to him. So we're identifying, alright, it's gonna be hard to approach the criminal in the restaurant me to him.

So how can we do it from the side from the flanks unexpectedly? How is that contact with that source? Going to access the information? but also how do we meet with that person? I the beautiful waitress, so I had to think about that for a couple of seconds. Well in in lines with the example how do we meet her?

This is also towns boxing. So there's probably two phases to that sort of operation. It's, it's how do we town spot and get to the waitress? So we've looked at all the waiters and waitresses We identified this beautiful waitress as our conduit to our end source. How do we get to her? How do we meet her?

Do we use another source to get introduced to her and then use her to get to the criminal? Or how do we work it so it can be quite messy. If we know that a single person has access to the information, that's all not clear, we have to look at various ways how we're going to meet that person. But when it's a little bit more of a dogleg approach, then we have to look very closely how we're going to assess the potential contacts or the potential source. Look at their backgrounds. We look at where they live families, interests, sexual interests, wherever they come from, what they've worked at past education loves that Every level so that we can try and get some form of contact with them.

Do they like cars? They like cars then I like and then we start talking about cars may have other hobbies, other interests kids, we look at all that and get all the detail about how we can best approach them most credibly. Then we plan how we're going to contact isn't going to be accidental. Are we going to purpose Are we going to be introduced to that person who is going to introduce us? Is that another source that we're going to use to get to the beautiful waitress? And then we like the content.

It's very much like dating if you haven't already recognized it, but it's how do we approach that beautiful waitress? So that we can best get her to get in touch with that criminal who visits our restaurant and then we constantly reassess The relationship so we've made contact with the with the waitress. And every time we do that we're constantly reassessing how is this going, and how we're going to convince her to do what we want us to do as far as information Catherine goes. And then we grow that relationship. we expand on it. Again, it's very similar to dating.

You don't just meet a girl or a guy in a bar or in a restaurant, and then that's it. There's no expansion of that relationship. You have to continuously work at it. You have to develop it you have to improve it has to be tons of rapport building and reporters it is a subject standalone subject in itself. So it's it can be very challenging. So we identify the motivation and we definitely can see Report motivation can come in many forms.

It can be political, it can be that they like you it can be for monetary persons or they hate someone else. And you're staring them in the direction of that hate. That can be a strong motivator and motivation will cover in on its own. And we plan and conduct an approach to the waitress at this point. How are we going to do it? When are we going to do it?

Is she likely to like me? Or should we use someone else do we use another woman do we use a man we use a younger man say maids older and we conduct that approach. And then we meet or make contact with the contact or the source and record an interview effectively as the date but it's whatever the plan is, whatever the reason you have come in contact with that source. We'll call it an interview. And we meet we build rapport We developed the relationship and then at some point, we asked her to, okay, well, why are you working? Can you listen out for what this guy does criminally talks about when he comes in every Friday into your restaurant?

And then we reassess the access, motivation capability and point of contact now one by one, and we're gonna we're gonna deal with all these that separate points, but we'll reassess. Can this waitress, make contact with this criminal or listen to the conversations depending on what's neat? What's her motivating factor to do this for us? Are we going to pay our $20 $50 hundred dollars? Are we just going to take her out for a meal afterwards? She does a good job.

Is she capable of doing this without dropping the plates and everything on the floor because he's so nervous, and how, where is she going to make it so the point of contact with that next source it's pretty easy. In this scenario in that she's going to be doing it at the table in the restaurant on a Friday. And then how do we get that information back from her? So I'm pork access, motivation, point of contact and capability. The access, discussed it pretty much can help you how do you get access to the waitress? How does the waitress get access to the criminal every Friday night?

Can they do it? is there other ways to do it? is there other forms of intelligence? Can we read his emails, for instance, the criminals? Do we need to go through this human process which can be quite time consuming, costly, and there may be some risks. But how do we access the information?

How do we access the next step in the source chain? Or how do we access that source? can provide us with the information or do the act that we want them to do. What's the motivation factors religious, political, love, hate monetary. All the old motivating factors and those motivating factors could well change over a relationship. I if we were speaking to this waitress and getting information from her over a two year process, it could be initially.

She wants to do it when did work for us for political reasons, but then it becomes more monetary. The $200 we've been paying on a weekly basis has helped get her child into a good school. That motivating factors changed from political to financial over the space of two years and that's quite common point of contact mentioned how is how are you going to meet source? How's the source going to get the information or how's the source going? Meet the next source and capability. Are they going to be drunk when they've been asked to do the information?

Are they going to be some nervous? They can't do it? Are they mentally capable of doing it? Are they physically capable of doing? So the access is the actual or potential knowledge of information that will answer the client's information requirements. As I said, Nope.

When speaking to the guy works at McDonald's about weapons movements in a different area unless he's actively involved in it. So you need to focus on the right people who can give you the right access to the information that will answer the clients information requirements. I know it sounds a little bit complex, but it's not there's no point speaking to someone who doesn't know what you need. That's the bottom line. Motivation, the desire the reason to meet with you pass information to you or me, knowingly or unloaded. No As I mentioned before, where or unaware and keep doing so it's rarely that you will just want one bit of information from someone.

And then that's it, you never speak to them again. Unless they just don't have the access to that information. And there's later lessons on this point in time space where you can meet the source now and in the future, could be online. It says usually on that line there, but that's for sources who are in different areas, different cities quite easy to do online, or it more likely in a human intelligence scenario, face to face. And the capability, a person's ability to fulfill the potentially complicated role of being a source can be complicated, it might be quite simple. But it can be complicated and that all links to if they're aware, or if they're unaware, if they're unaware, they'll blindly just continue giving you an information.

They like to chat, they just like to chat about various subjects. But once they become a bit more aware, then they get more tense, they get more nervous. And they realize that they're doing some work passing on information, maybe getting paid for it. And potentially this there's a bit of risk, there may be a risk to that job or even physically, you have to be very careful. So are they capable of doing this job? Language I've worked around the world and I need an interpreter for anything outside of English.

Certainly some intelligence services will specially train their source handlers in the language that they are going to be working, which makes a lot of sense, but it's time consuming years. And you may need a specialized language base. If you're talking about Like tivity may have its own particular words. Chemical Weapons definitely will have if you speak to someone who knows about how to put chemical weapons together. So the easiest and quickest option is to get an interpreter but then you have to be careful about the security of the interpreter, but also who they speak to. Are they speaking to someone who's gathering information from them to answer their information requirements, you have to be quite careful.

So the forms degrees and types of access could be written. You could ask the source to go and get some written information. Do they have access to a criminal desk for instance, so their email system they could see things happening. Yeah, I see that criminal sitting at the table every Friday night in my restaurant. And he sits with ABC and D. And last week he sat with he, they may not actually speak to the source of the information. So the information may be just a visual form.

And the source goes down, writes the details down passes on to you. Do they overhear conversations waiters are normally quite good at that. Is it oral? Or is the combination of oral visual, she sees all those people sitting around the table on a Friday night, but she also hears conversations. Technical, we tend not to work too much on the technical side, because there's a there are definite fail points with technicalities, sorry, technical items, and if you lie on them too much, then you're opening yourself up to disappointment. But it may be that it's a combination of all three, maybe that we've asked her to wear Record.

Documentary? Do we have documentary evidence of something? Maybe we take the booking and write down everyone's name it was on there. That's now documentary evidence or do we? Do we actually collect papers that were used at the table that may be used for information purposes. degrees of access direct on the on the friends so if I was speaking to a source, the source had direct information, that sort of information that they directly accessed.

That means that they are speaking to the person. They're speaking to the source of the information or they're reading the source of the information or hearing it. If they're on the fringe. It may be that it's been passed on. Chinese whispers from person to Or they're looking through a window and seeing people sitting at the table with the criminals. Or they're just an external source conduit that's going to take you to the next more relevant or credible source who may eventually take you to the next one and then the source that you actually want to approach for the direct information, isn't it?

Yeah, are they just seeing and hearing little bits and pieces of information but they're not, they're not giving you direct access to the information requirement for this form. As you can see, it may be that you start from the outside and you'll work your way in so you speak to the barman or the waiter as I've been previously discussing there the source the bomb and gives you access to a courier or introduces you to a courier who you know is trans supporting information and equipment for criminal use. he in turn, may well introduce you or may well be able to access a gang member and you see that there's a direct connection. The barman is speaking to the Korea may build the bomb and introduces you to the Korea The Korea then speaks to the gang member and reports back the information. And the internal circle could be the gang leader gang member introduces you to the gang leader or the gang member provides information about the gang leader, he becomes a source.

So each step the barman's or source career becomes a source gang member becomes source gang leader becomes source until eventually you're in the center and you have direct access to the Big Cheese I the gang Leto is in charge of three or four or five different gangs, The Big Cheese as we call it, certainly in the UK. And on that poor, poor cartoon. And we continue on two types of assets current they can access information today. potential. And if we're going in that direction of inquiry, do you think that in two or three weeks time they will have access to this information? Can they move and make new friends make new sources potentially gather information for the IRS?

Or have they gathered information in this area? Or this type of information in the past historical information? If so, and then new information requirement comes in asking questions about that previous historical information. Source Who gave you the information, say a year or a year or so ago will be your first point of contact. Tell us a bit more about the information you collected last year. Can you collect that same information?

Do you have the same access? Is your capabilities the same Are you still living in the area? They might have better access over that. So for the interim period. So in summary, there are forms, degrees, types of access. As you can see there.

There is a process. Obviously, as I've just gone through to identifying and recruiting and developing sources of information, whether it's they're the direct source of information or they're just a conduit to the next source of information. Nothing