In this section, we'll be discussing basic network, IP, config, ping, and path. Let's begin with the command. IP config. IP config is a networking command found in windows that you can use to find out what's the local address of your PC. Now, what do I mean by local address? Let's take for example, three homes.

All three of these homes look exactly the same. They're all on the same street. Although these homes may be beautiful, the complication becomes identification. How can your home identify itself apart from another home on the same network? How does the mailman know which mail goes to which home? How do your relatives know how to find you on the street?

Well, all homes have one thing in common. They have to have addresses to identify themselves. In this example, we have 1902 1903 1904. Now we know that your friend lives at 1904 and your neighbors live at 1902 in 1903. This fundamentally is the same as something that your computer uses to identify itself on the network or over the internet. It uses something called an IP address.

This IP address is your computer's identifying address over the internet. It's how information knows where it came from, where it's going, how certain web browsers know who you are, how they identify themselves, things like that. Let's take an example of the command IP config to start our discussion. I'm going to go on Windows and click Start and type cmd. Want to select that? Let's change the color so we can read it a little better.

Now here I'm going to type the command IP config and hit enter. Now we see we get a lot of different information from this command. But under Ethernet adapter, local area connection. We're looking for The ipv4 address, we see that it says 1921680154. This is the address of this PC on this domain. Now, why is this important?

Well, let's take a stab at maybe troubleshooting some issues for user. So we're going to say the system will not left is the user's computer. And the system on the right is going to be our computer, the computer that the technician is using. We're going to type cmd and open just before and I'm going to type IP config, make sure that we have an address on network and we're set. So now over here, we know both systems are on the network. Now let's take a look at a second command that we can use called ping now Ping is a networking command, ping can basically find out whether a system is connected to the network or not.

Now combining IP config and ping, we start to getting to very basic troubleshooting. Let's look at an example. So As stated before we're going to see our system or not live is our use a computer. And a system on our right is our computer. So we want to see if this system is reachable on the network. So I'm going to come to Simona, right?

And type Ping. And I'm going to type the ipv4 address 192 168 dot zero dot 154. I'm sorry, I did that wrong. 192168 dot zero dot 154. There we go. And I'm gonna hit enter as you can see We're getting replies.

Under statistics we see packets sent was four, and our system received all four packets, therefore it had a zero percent loss. It has 100% connectivity to the network. Now, sometimes you'll get an individual saying, Hey, I'm not getting emails, hey, I can access certain websites, things like that. One of your first troubleshooting steps would be to see if you can ping the system on the network, because then you know that it has network connectivity or not. So let's just say our system on all right, is the user calling, saying that they can't access the internet. So what I'm going to do, I'm going to disable the internet, the NIC.

Now we know the system doesn't have internet. So now we're simulating a user that can access the internet. So one way we can identify, we can ping it. Want to type ping And As stated before, I'm going to type the IP address 192168168 dot 0154 and hit enter. Now, as we can see, in comparison to our previous report, when we ping first, when we first ping the system, we actually got replies back, so we know the system was reachable. But on the bottom system, we're seeing that the destination host was unreachable.

So now we know that the system is having connectivity issues. So let's go ahead and go back to the system. We're going to re enable the network. Now let's try to ping our system one last time. I want to type Ping 192168 dot zero dot 154. As you can see, we are getting replies now saying we have zero percent loss, and the system is back online, as I said, very basic troubleshooting.

Now one last thing that we're going to look at is path Ping. Now this is a little more advanced. We tend to use this in Server Admin roles or system admin roles, even desktop to kind of see not only if a system is reachable, but also how long it may take in between systems to reach a certain destination. And that's good for troubleshooting. Let's go ahead and take a look at the command path pane. I'm going to hit start, type cmd Want to change the color and we're going to type P a t h, p in G. And we're going to use a very basic website.

For example, let's try yahoo.com. Stretch it a little more, and we're going to hit in. Now, as you may see, in this example, you'll see at the bottom something that says maximum of hops. Now hop is basically a router. How many routers is taken to reach a certain destination? So we see in the beginning, we were on the domain, take DC comm caf.

After that, we went out to our router and from there we went out to the internet. So we have long pretty much of all the routers that we had to go to to reach yahoo.com The difference between just typical ping and path ping, as stated, is going to report back to us the amount of packets that's been lost the latency in between hops things like that. Now, the reason why that's very helpful to us, we'll be able to see more in detail of where specifically network congestion is or where a network is having problems. We know Okay, once the user leaves the company, it's not our fault is reaching Amazon in the packets are dropping or it's reaching a certain firewall overseas and it's dropping. Path ping is very detailed, and can help any technician identify certain aspects of troubleshooting. This is going to take quite a minute so I'm going to pause the video and come back when it's done.

And we are back. As stated before, path Ping. The path ping command checks the path takes to a desired site, one of the things that I failed to mention, and that he uses about 100 packets to test in between hops for individual routers. So let's go ahead and take a look at our results. The main thing that we're concerned about here is last thing in the percentage. So as we scroll down, we can see, as we start to analyze this data, we have the last column, the cent column, and the percentage that was lost out of those 100 packets.

So let's just say a user is saying, Hey, I don't have a problem accessing a certain website. But once I reach that website, things tend to load slowly, or things like that. So we can go in and use the command path ping to analyze and see what's going on. So we know in this command, we tried to get the yahoo.com and let's see some of the things we got back In this report, so we're going to look at our routers, we have our domain, we have our default gateway, which is our internet. And we're going to go down, things like you'll see 1%, which means out of 100, which is going to be one packet loss 2%, two packets for four things like that. Some of the things that are concerning to us is the 99 percentile packet loss.

That means out of 100 packets 99 failed, which isn't a good thing. So we know, within our route reached out who calm we have about three gateways that report a 99% loss of data. And chances are, if you notice, after those specific gateways, other packets tend to increase the amount of data that is dropping as well. So In this example, when we go down to the 99 percentile loss, and we start looking at the percentage loss after it reached this particular router 2% 4%, and it went up. So we know this router here is tend to having a certain type of problem. Also, if we go down to author 99%, we see that it also goes up.

One packet was lost in four packets in three packets in four packets. So we see in our route to get to yahoo.com. We can see what particular router or gateway is dropping traffic and possibly slowing connectivity for our users. I hope you guys enjoyed this course. As I stated this introduction to very basic networking. We covered IP, config, ping and path pain.

I will see you guys in the next course.