Welcome back friends. In the previous lectures we have learned about file system management. And now in this chapter, this lecture we are going to learn about network interfaces. So let's start. Here we're going to learn about configuring IP interfaces, Internet Protocol, set up routes, understand name relations, I inserted IP version six and more topics. So let us start with our network interfaces.
The logical end to begin naming, display hardware configurations. These are part of network interfaces. Networking scripts refer to logical interfaces here. The logical interfaces are internet dialogue loopback internet connection, visited with eth zero eth one and so on the dialogue is represented with pptp Point to Point protocol zero, PPP one and so on the low packets represented with lm. So we must understand what are done representation of the logical difference of different networking appliances. So these are here and the display network interfaces by using if config to show the current IP address of our system Ethernet or dial up or loopback details and so on.
And we can do so with if config minus A accompany detail. If you don't want to show the monitor show the complete detail you should omit minus A argument just to display IP address and subnet mask. IP link. IP space link is used to display IP related information and again More information regarding Ethernet so then there comes our driver selection. There are different device drivers and other drivers on a system that could be also in in sense with network drivers or drivers forum network interface cards are billed as modules. They are referred as modules.
The configuration file for mod pro that map's a logical name to specific modules could be done with aliases the alias eth zero and the file directory name could be used. The secondary card selection can be specified in the interface configuration file, which is located in EDC, sis config network scripts. If CF get ATP zero here we can create variables For the IP address, here the 000 D, this is the format of IP version six, we can define it in the variables. The kernel modules, for easy adaptability to any hardware configuration is compiled using Reddit network card drivers. network interfaces modules are loaded at boot time its networking has been enabled. We when we have installed our operating system that Red Hat Enterprise Linux, we have enabled the network drivers.
So we can do network connection established network connection the appropriate node module is loaded based on the area seen in the modprobe configuration that we have learned. We can speed duplex settings go to speed and duplex settings. The network cards can negotiate a speed and duplex settings with the hub Which that they are attached to. The auto negotiation allows the network card and upstream hub switch to transparently select the optimal setting, when there is a mismatch in speed and duplex between the settings presumed by the card and the settings presume by the upstream hub switch, that connect communication becomes intermittent at best or non existent. a mismatch will also exhibit error statistics when viewing the interface to ifconfig or s link. So, the mismatch can cause intermittent or no communication and which could be damaged by speed and duplex settings.
We can change the speed of our network and different things. Manual overridden could be done by using ETS ETS to opt in And options to install the mod pro configuration for older interface modules. We can also display IP version four addresses by using if config as you learn or IP address show. And similarly, we can configure also it does not simply displays us, we can set our IP address the static or dynamic the dynamic IP configuration is wider than static. The static IP address is simply the constant for over the time you may need to purchase that static IP. A dynamic IP could change over time.
The interface configuration is defined in the dynamic the etc directory again, the dynamic with line of mood protocol equals to DHCP Dynamic Host Control Protocol zero configuration of networking is used with 169 dot 254 dot zero dot zero. With 16 we have to configure the host and network sections of the IP. If you are good in networking, you would understand what I'm talking about a subnet mask and these things the Class A, B, C, D, these are the terms that are used in IP address configuration, you can disable the lines and so on. You can use a if down device if up device up to apply configuration changes. static IP version four configuration could be done with IFC F, get g eth, x, static with lines of good photo request on an IP address equal to 10.0 point 0.1 and network Mark subnet mask is close to 255 dot 255 dot 255 dot zero for IP version four.
Device aliasing could be done, which is useful for virtual hosting. A common is configuration is to host multiple web or FTP sites on a single server, which is also called as a virtual hosting. in separate IP address, or separate IP address is generally required for each website that supports SSL or when defining multiple FTP sites, a File Transfer Protocol device aliases or virtual network interfaces that can be configured with an additional layer three network address. The name of the device alias, takes a logical adapter name appending a colon unique number represented representing the LCS you can bind multiple IP address to a single Nic network interface card which virtual hosting like eth, one column 123 so on. You can create separate interface configuration file for each device aliases with if config Come on if config you must use the static networking for device aliasing. Similarly, you can use it the routing table for routing.
For finding the route of data packets that are transferred over the network defines path to all the systems of the data table. You can use the route or UT command method istat minus or Command IP command and so on. The default gateway could be configured When no route entry is matched, it might be obtained dynamically with DHCP Dynamic Host Control Protocol. It can be statically configured with the line of gateway equals to provide an IP address here globally in the ET CIE directory again this is config and network or you can also use the for interface in the interface configuration file it is located in system config in I have CF get th x bi you can configure routes to control traffic flow when there is more than one router. Similarly, when there's more routers, or more devices in a network is specifically in a LAN local area network.
You have a wide range of data packets flowing here There, it could be connected over an internet and you can control those routers and configure them via an operating system. The static routes defined for the interface is their route eth s. It uses IP route and syntax. The dynamic route, routes are learned via Devon's the Baka the support for various forms of rip, OSPF and BGP. You can verify IP connectivity by using the ping command. Suppose we want to verify whether the google.com is being up and showing up the connection we can write. Ping is based triple w.google.com.
Our current computer tries to establish a connection with google.com when it responds with our request response highly I'm Google, ready to connected with you the handshake in networks terminal logic. The computer which shows different lines of code executing one by one splashing on your screen, then your computer has been connected to the Google server. The ping command is used to verify connectivity network network packet loss latency management tool could be used with trace route. The trace route allows you to monitor packet loss and latency the latency of transferring the packet from source to destination, time latency and other things. If you want to display a network path to a destination, you can use MTR utility. Similarly, you can define the local host name by viewing and setting local host name with host name initially defined in the EDC sis config network.
You can do so by defining it in a variable a host name and provide any host name. You might pull name from a network the DNS client daemon, you can reverse DNS lookup the local resolver could be used the resolver performs forward and reverse lookups. The local database of hostname or IP address mapping could be used in EDC hosting, it is useful for explored isolated networks. Normally it is checked before DMS dinner comes out remotely resolvers and they are different from local resolvers. They are used to domains to search and they perform it is can be configured with resolve dot configure file which is located in et CIE directory. And it follows a strict order of name servers to use.
It may be updated by DSC client. MSS switch, that configuration file is used to compensate in some DNS versus a host file. The difference between our localhost and remote resolvers local resolver and emotions of record we understand that the user will want to refer to the system by name the system needs to convert those things into corresponding IP address. The local resolver does so, it resolves the number, when we have the name forward lookup or when we have a number of 40 was similarly the remote resolvers would allow you to do for distributed administration of the lay of the Internet. The following will convince are placing them a tree in a tree like hierarchy known as a DNS. And so, the DNS connectivity uses ns lookup, which is depreciated not use and these days the host and utilities commands and network configuration utilities could be done with system config network, which is a GI utility, where you can monitor these things, the profile selection system config networks CMD, er net profile kernel argument could we use him you can use cross parent dynamic configuration using the mmm let it is used to list of profiles minus through this thing.
The Network Manager service coupled with the user is face to some more fully integrated with control integration of the network. As you disconnect your laptop from the wired connection in your cube, or on the way to the conference room, the Network Manager service transparently switches you from your wired configuration over your wireless adapter. When you take that first trip to the coffee shop on Main and go to your laptop, you interact with Nm applet, this Network Manager service to specify the wireless settings, the wireless network and security key which will be automatically remembered for your next trip. This is the use of transfer dynamic configuration. The nm applet could be configured you can implement IP version six, the secure authentication rather than IP version four. It is used with HTTPS.
The kernel IP version six module enables stateless configuration. You can follow additional configuration implemented here in the initialization script as you can define in the variable networking ipv4, ipv6, and ipv6 in it. Yes, the ipv6 version six. Configuration can be dynamically configured by using the router advertisement daemon or DHCP. Version six, the router administered advertisement daemon for us on Linux, the default gateway with an RA DVD, it only specifies prefix and default gateway is used to enable with IP version six auto configuration you have to define these variables as as the interface ID, which is automatically generated based on the MAC address the physical address of your system or DHCP. Except for more configuration and so you can move without further configuration.
It's not very difficult in the static Interface Configuration could be followed up. Here. In fact, the routing configuration could be handled by default gateway or a static routes. The default gateway which is which can be dynamically from heredity or Dynamic Host IP version six, the manual a specification could be found in network category. The static route is defined per interface here. It uses IP version six good grad syntax and being a configure IP version six for the static dynamic.
These CP client, the routing cables and everything on the network. You can add new modified utilities with ping six traceroute and so on the version em six, or seven or eight anything. So this one about networking. On our ATM, you can configure or IP address, MAC address or the device or Ethernet, the dial up and various other connections. We can even configure the routing table, the router and everything else. We can decide how our data packets flow over the network, how our system alerts up as a server in a data center in itself.
System where a website is supposed to be loaded or data has to be there, we have to configure a static or different IP address all these things the network part, the database part and the Linux part are not to be conducted by a same person in every organization, but having idea of each category But not very expertly will not basically will would allow you to master your job. You must be aware of all the things the choice is yours. You can go with any of the things and if you are preparing for certifications, these things could be asked some things not every file would we are, but things could be simple, more than more simple and to maintain. So keep learning and keep moving and learning more in the coming videos.