Session #1: Direct Instruction/Guided Practice

1. The teacher introduces the four organizational elements of a summary 1) topic sentence/ main idea, 2) transitions leading to details, 3) interesting facts, and 4) the conclusion. Next, the teacher introduces the KWHL chart for taking notes, the instructional article used in session one, the sequence of events chart, and the graphic organizer used for creating summary statements. The teacher wraps up the introduction of essential concepts by explaining the differences between expository summaries and narrative summaries, the importance of organization in writing a summary, and the use of transition words to keep events of the summary in logical order. 
2. The users practice identifying main ideas in paragraphs and using details to create summary statements. Two paragraphs will be used for guided practice and two for independent practice. 
3. The students and teacher read the three-paragraph article, “Alligator’s Nest”, to help students become familiar with the text, vocabulary, and transition words. 
4. Guided practice: The teacher will guide the students in completing the sequence of events map and the graphic organizer for creating summary statements. 

Learner Evaluation for Session #1: Students will identify transitions that point out details, complete a summary chart graphic organizer, and write a brief summary of the article, "Alligator's Nest."

Session #2: Guided Practice - Strategies for before, during, and after reading. 

1. Students will review and discuss their work on summarizing the article "Alligator's Nest."
2. The teacher introduces and guides students in using the before-reading strategy. In using the before reading strategy, the students will read the title, subtitles, analyze the photograph and caption, number the paragraphs, analyze the questions at the end of the text (not the answer choices), and then write what the passage is going to be about in the space under the title.
3. Next, the teacher models the during the reading strategy of side-notes and numbering to create summary statements with the introductory paragraph. During reading: students should take side notes, number the details, and circle any concepts or words they may need to clarify.
4. The teacher now wraps up the session with a presentation of the after-reading strategy, an independent practice assignment. The after-reading strategy involves the students writing a summary of the article read in class, "How to Make a Habit of Reading." The students will use either the graphic organizer strategy as used for "Alligator's Nest" or the side notes and numbering system used for the article, How to Make a Habit of Reading, to write a summary of the article. An outline for the assignment and written directions will be provided. 

Learner Evaluation for Session #2: Before exiting the classroom, each student should answer the following questions • What are the four elements of writing an effective summary?

Session #3: Session #3 - Independent Work and Wrap-UP

1. Begin the class by having students share their summaries of the article, "How to Make a Habit of Reading." As summaries are shared, students will identify similarities and differences found in each summary by completing an analysis chart for noting the use of transition words, an introductory sentence, a conclusion statement that restates the main idea, and keeping details for each main idea limited to one or two. 
2. Next, the teacher will share a shorter summary version of the article, "How to Make a Habit of Reading." Then, two other summary types that vary in use of the four effective summary elements will be shared and discussed. 
3. After presenting summary variations, the teacher will guide the students through a brief lesson on paraphrasing text. 

Learner evaluation for session #3: The students will complete a timed fluency activity using a high-interest article to demonstrate their summary writing ability. After summarizing the article, students will share and discuss their learning with the class.