Hi, and welcome back to the course about lambda. Here is a brief outline of the course, which includes clinical manifestations. The clinical manifestations of Lyme disease are best characterized when we study the stages of the disease and when we look for signs and make note of the symptoms of the disease. Signs are what can be seen or noticed on the patient such as a rash or swelling. This is an objective observation that can be evident by the physician, patient and others. Whereas symptoms is what is felt by the patient such as itchiness, numbness and pain.

These are subject to the patient's perception And sensations Therefore, it is a subjective evidence. Now, let us look at the stages of Lyme disease, which is research has shown that Lyme disease occurs in stages there is an early stage in the life late stage for the disease. The early stage is further subdivided into early localized stage and early disseminated stage. Each stage has a unique clinical manifestations. However, there may be an overlap in the stages. The early localized stage is characterized by a skin rash known as everyday migrants shown over here.

The early disseminated stage presents itself with several type several or multiple em It could also come up with neurological complications such as cranial nerve palsy and meningitis. The late stage of Lyme disease has its main complication as being arthritis, science and symptoms of Lyme disease. After several signs and symptoms, the three most commonly known will be discussed in the next few slides and demo migrants. So the sound that can be detected in the early localized stage of Lyme disease is every time of migrants. The word erythema migrans is a Latin word that literally means redness migrating. As you can see here, it's spread out all around the area of the main rash there redness in the skin or root causes caused by an increased blood flow to the superficial capillaries.

Migrants has to do with the spreading nature of the rash, also known as Bullseye rash, which spreads out and appears as such. erythema migrans develops in seven to 10 days after the tick bite. It shows up initially as a small circle a rash that is flat or it could be elevated from the surface of the skin, but it may become up to 50 millimeters in diameter. The rash is not associated with any symptoms although it may become itchy and painful. In some cases. The patient may have some generalized symptoms, such as a low grade fever or weakness.

Noticeably, only 70% of the patients show this Bullseye rash Now Bell's palsy. During the early disseminated stage cranial Halsey can occur, usually of the facial nerve, known as Bell's palsy. It is characterized by a drop of the corner of the mouth that is affected, along with a lack of ability to close the eyelid and a smoothing of the forehead. Arthritis the Lyme disease arthritis usually develops in weeks to months after the initial tick bite, therefore it is part of the late stage. It occurs on only one or a few of the joints and it mainly affects the larger joints such as the knee. And this concludes the presentation on the clinical manifestations of Lyme disease.