Welcome to this part of understanding voltage, current and resistance, and we're going to be speaking about resistance here on this section. first bullet point, all components or all electronic components have resistance. second bullet point. conductors have resistance but the resistance is so low that they have very little or no effect on the circuit in parenthesis, if designed correctly, and we'll get into that when I speak about resistance and conductors in the next slide the university Resistance is the ohm. And this is the Omega symbol or sign. There are fixed resistors and adjustable resistors.

And we'll talk about that in the upcoming slides. On this slide, we are going to talk about specific resistors. There are four types of resistors, fixed, potentially ometer, rheostat, and what I call special applications. All right, we're going to see in the next slide that resistors have color code and a tolerance. All right, then we're going to take a closer look at potentially ominous rheostat and adjustable resistors. And then wrap it up with special application resistors, which are thermistors and viruses.

So let's go on to the next slide and take a look here. All right now we're looking at some fix resistors And notice the size. Okay? resistors have what they call a wattage rating. And notice this is three w means three watts. And that's much larger than at the very opposite ends of this where this resistor here is very small, but it's one 16th of a watt.

All right? The wattage rating of the resistor is how much power or how much heat it can dissipate. All right, and we'll see that we'll do the calculations and see that when we get into circuit theory, all right. Usually when I do ohms, law, one circuit theory, we go into the wattage rating of the resistors. How to Calculate the wattage rating and which one to buy. Also, notice the color rings, and I'll show you this one here.

All right, this one if you look here on this resistor, All right, it's orange, orange, red, silver. All right, that you will determine the resistance or the ohmic value of that resistor by those color bands. All right, this one here is gold man is the tolerance band. And I know that it's tough writing with the soft point here. When we really get going, I'm buying a, I'm looking at a better tablet with with a finer point so I can write so just bear with me on that. So what I'm what we mean by the value of resistors.

Okay, the color the color coding is determined by the color band and the level Bend here, which is again, gold determines a tolerance. All right. So the bigger the resistor, the more power or the more heat it can dissipate or handle. The smaller the resistor, the less heat or less water draining or less energy it can handle. Alright, so we're going to see how this is done. So let's go up here.

All right. What I want to point out here is this is a chart of conductors, okay? And you'll notice that we have the wire gauge here. All right, that wire gauge determines the size of the conductor Now, what is unique and what I want you to understand notice this wire gauge here is 12 that is house wiring, okay? They the diameter of that is much larger compared to all the way down here to this under the scale where my wire gauge is 30 but look at the diameter, this is a 1010 mils and up here this is 80 mils. So, the smaller the wire gauge, the larger the wire and the larger the wire gauge number, the smaller the diameter is so it's kind of inverse with 12 I have a large diameter area in mils which is millimeters and when my wire gauge is high In this case, 30.

My diameter millimeters is smaller, right? So it's the inverse. All right, what we're showing here is ohms per foot, or ohms per 10 feet are ohms per hundred feet. Everything has resistance, even conductors. So for instance, let's go right here. Let's do house wiring, which is a wire gauge 12 right here, if you'll notice, per 100 foot, it's point 15880 ohms per 100 feet.

If I go to the very opposite here, here, all right, which is 30 gauge. Notice that the ohms per foot is 10.32 ohms per hundred foot. All right? So, when my wire gauge gets smaller, which means the wire gauge number is increasing, the resistance value of the conductor increases. Let me say that one more time. When the wire gauge has a high number, the diameter in mils is smaller, and the ohms or the resistance per foot per 10 foot per hundred foot is greater.

And you can see from the chart, I'm going to clear the slide. And I'm just going to circle here, the bottom one and then I'm going to circle the top guy here. All right, from one end of the scale to the other. All right. We have a low wire gauge number, a high diameter in millimeters. All right, and if you look, you know, make an inner circle.

You'll notice that ohms per hundred foot is point 1588 ohms. Now if we go to the opposite end, which I've circled down here, the wire gauge is 30. But my diameter and Mills is 10.025 millimeters, okay? But look at the resistance per hundred foot in this case, with 10 ohms compared up here, we're less than at all. So that's the point I'm trying to make. Now, if you look when I when I instructed, we'll see why.

If you are designing a circuit and depending upon the amount of current, that you're feeding your component that are that are asked that you have to take into consideration. All right, the wire gauge that you're going to use for most instances, it's not a big deal. But in some outdoor applications, you need to pay attention to that. Okay, all what you're going to have is you're going to have a voltage drop across the conductor, and urine components or your end devices aren't going to work properly. Alright, so just be aware of that. Again, you'll see this as we go.

I'm trying to build a foundation for you. Okay, I'm bringing little modules here. All right, and some of the things that I say you're going to have to take for granted. And as we go through the modules will build upon that, okay, there's probably going to be about 15 or 20 of these and I'm going to put out all right at the very, very end. I can guarantee you you're going to be able to troubleshoot and understand electronics. Okay, we're at work the very very beginning now, so bear with me.

All right. Oh, on this slide here, we're just showing you the different types of resistors. Some of we've seen, basically these are adjustable resistors. And right here we have fixed resistors. So they're fixed in the value that they have, but they're made up of different composition for instance, this is carbon film, which is made up of car carbon particles, we have metal film, which is made up of different metals, this is basically made up of wire and this this gold shell through there is is a heat sink, because this particular resistor is used for rough high power circuits. And then over here, this is very small.

This is a resistor that goes on a very small circuit board, alright called surface mount devices and we solder right here on that on the circuit board. You'll notice that on this particular one, we have 102. that determines the value of that resistor. So the first two significant digits here are one and then zero. And that two means this. There's two zeros there. So that's actually 1000 ohm resistor.

All right. Let's go to the next slide here. Let me erase that. All right, now what I've done is I've already created a course, how resistors are used. And I'm going to integrate great that into this course. Understanding voltage, current and resistance.

It's the next step. There'll be a little bit of a review there with what I just went over. But we'll expand upon the properties that I promised. All right now again, this is a standalone course. But I've, I've added it on to this so we can get through this without re recording and so forth. I think you'll like it.

It will answer all your questions. And again, I'm always available. All right, I you have my phone number, you have my email, contact me. I want to make sure that you understand the material that I cover. Thank you. All right, let's go on to the next slide.

And there we are.