Hi, and welcome at the first section of anatomy basics lecture one. In this first lecture, I will tell you all about the bones of the arm and chest, their names and how they are attached to one another. The cartilage surfaces at the end of the bones can roll and glide smoothly because inside the joint there is this fluid called synovial. synovial reduces friction when the joint moves like oil in an engine. The capsule around the joint not only keeps the synovial in place, it also produces the synovial so the joint never runs dry. To strengthen the capsule, which is made of delicate tissue, you can find ligaments across every joint in several directions.

Ligaments are much stronger than the tissue of the capsule. They also send information to the brain about the position of the joint and so do the muscles. The information about the length of your muscles and ligaments is translated in your brain to the awareness of the positioning of each and every joint. This deep feeling is called proprioception. And it makes it possible to use your arm and your leg exactly as you want to without looking at it. To start with, we see here the chest burn.

With the upper part the Manou briam the middle part called corpus or body, and the small part at the bottom called cipher process or ciphered. Boom. Up here, the sternum attaches to the clavicle and below the clavicle. You can find the ribs that start with the ribs. The first one is attached just behind the clavicle, and then you can start counting downwards. The ribs are linked to the chest bone by means of cartilage connections.

And there is no capsule or sonova present here. These joints can move However, for instance, when you breathe, the ribs move up and down in these cartilage joints. In total, we can count 10 ribs at each side attached directly or indirectly to the chest bone and two more ribs numbers 11 and 12 called floating ribs because they are only attached to the vertebrae posterior. This year is the clavicle. It is connected to the chest bone with a synovial joint called the SC joint. The sternal clavicular joint.

The far end of the clavicle is connected Part of the shoulder blade. This particular part is called the acromion. And the joint therefore, is called the AC joint, the chromeo clavicle joint. So now we have arrived at the shoulder blade, the scapula. We already saw the flat upper part, the acromion. It's kind of like the roof of the shoulder.

Right beneath it, we see this small round surface where the upper arm bone connects, and this surface is called the glenoid. Next to the glenoid, we see this little bone Park pointing to the front. This is the coracoid process. The posterior part of the scapula has a rather sharp rich that we call the scapular spine. Above it you see the super scapular plane and below the spine. There is the infrared scapular plane The next bone is the upper arm bone, the humerus bone.

Here it has a large head, the carpet perfumery that is much larger than the glenoid surface as you can see. To meet the challenge, the glenoid has a cartilage ring around it to be a little more congruent with the humeral head. The consequence of this in congruence is that the stability of the joint is small, and subsequently the range of motion in all directions is enormous due to the same incongruent surfaces. on the carpet, we can find to tubercular little mountains of bone for muscles to start from all end upon. The smaller one of the two is the minor tuberculin It's right next to the coracoid process of the scapula. More to the side, almost around the corner is the major to berkelium.

In between there is a groove, the inter tubercular sulcus. This is where the tendon of the biceps muscle passes through. Alongside the shaft we arrive at the far end, the distal end of the humerus. It broadens into two candles, an inner medial combat and an outer lateral condyle. If the arm is in the anatomical position, hanging alongside the body with the palm of the hand forward, you can see the radius, the outer forearm bone connecting with the lateral condyle of the humerus. And you see the honor theme around bone connecting to the medial kondal of the humerus.

At the posterior side, you see a hole, the fossa electroni You can find the far end of the owner the electron. If the elbow is extended, these joints are separate and both synovial. The humeral owner joint can only balance stretch the elbow, or flex and extend. During flexion and extension humeral radial joint moves along with only the humeral radial joint can rotate the forearm by rolling over the ulna. You can best see this movement with a 90 degrees flexed elbow. The radial bone is parallel to the ulna and the palm of the hand is upward supinated.

By rotating over the honor, the radius makes the palm of the hand turn downwards pronated at the rear end of the forearm, both oma and radius are connected by ligaments to keep them stable and at the same Same time allow the pronation and supination. distal from the forearm bones, we arrive at the wrist and it's getting crowded. Here you can find eight carpal bones all connected and movable towards each other. They are in two rows and I will name them in a certain order that will make it possible for you to remember them. We are looking at the left hand farmer side up starting at the radial side scaphoid linear item tree equation, PC form and the second row trapezium trapezoidal idiom capitate him and her Mater's. The order can be remembered by this sentence.

Some lovers try positions that they cannot handle Now, we have reached the mid hand, where there are five metacarpal boons named after their position metacarpal one is ending at the thumb, then metacarpal, two, three and four, and that your index finger, middle finger and ring finger and number five is leading up to the pinky. Then the last part the fingers or phalanges. The thumb has to phalanges but fingers 234 and five I have three of them. The joints between the carpal to the metacarpal bones are called C and C joints. They are synovial joints as all the other ones in the hand. The joints between the metacarpal bones and the fingers or your knuckles are called m c p joints.

Metacarpal phalangeal joints the joints in your fingers are called inter phalangeal joint but some has only one but your fingers have two of them. The first one, the proximal one is called the PIP and the distal one, the far end one is called the dip. Now we've come to the end of this section. I hope you have enjoyed your first lecture and I hope to see you in the next one where we will continue with the lower extremity the link