Let's begin with what are neurotransmitters. neurotransmitters are chemicals in the brain that allow the signals to flow from one nerve cell or neuron to another. So there are messengers that will tell your body what to do. Now there are two categories of neurotransmitters. They are excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. excitatory neurotransmitters are the ones that have a stimulating effect on our nerves.
So they wake up and they promote action, whereas the inhibitory neurotransmitters are the calming ones. They keep the nerves and us from burning up in a state of constant excitability, examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters our serotonin now serotonin stabilizes our mood and it cools down our nerve impulses. So it affects our sleep cycles. It also affects our sensitivity to pain and even our digestion. Gabba is another and Gabba is like a blanket that comes down to excited brain. Not something like alcohol, for example, influences our gamma receptus, which is why when we're feeling a little bit wide, very often a glass of wine will help.
Dopa mean, is both excited, and inhibitory. And derping is our pleasure and satisfaction neurotransmitter. So it allows us to experience that sense of, you know, I'd have done this job well. And, in fact, dopamine helps us to feel motivated, because it does trigger satisfaction. And in this way, dopamine can also act as an excitatory neurotransmitter, because it promotes us to actually get up and go and do something. certain medications such as those for add, for example, even caffeine, they forced opening into the signups and the signups is a little space between the nerves so that our focus and our concentration can improve excitatory neurotransmitters are norepinephrine and epinephrine not that epinephrine is another name for adrenaline.
They put our nerves on high alert, greedy for action. But they also if they are lift between the signups for a little bit long, leave us feeling anxious and stressed, but they're very necessary in the fight or flight response or how we deal with stress. glutamate is probably the most common excitatory neurotransmitter, it plays a role in memory. But in excess glutamate is toxic to nerves, and an excess of glutamate actually kills off nerves, which is why we need to be very cautious of MSG. And when we've had a stroke, or any brain damage, sometimes strokes and brain damage they stimulate glutamate and the stimulation in excess glutamate ultimately kills off more nerves than the original damage in the first place. So there's a very delicate dance between our different neurotransmitters and how they affect our mood.
And one of the biggest impacts on neurotransmitters is the balance of insulin.