Hey, going and welcome to this second part. So here we're gonna go through what actually exists with robots and automation and robotics. So to begin with most people when they think about robots when you say, think about robots, they think of actual little literal robots. You know, again, like the Terminator, big honking metal people walking around that are robots. And while this is, you know, cool for Hollywood to show movies and, you know, think about in the future, traditionally speaking currently now, it's really not a good representation at all about robots or automation or AI in terms of stealing your job. There's not any, you know, full scale humanoid robot, literally stealing anyone's job.

And a lot of people think this when they see those types of reports To say that, you know, automation is coming to steal your job. They think, Well, I haven't seen any of these full scale robots walking around. It must be, you know, crap, that must be something for the future. And that's why they push it out into the future and not really care about. Interestingly, even in like proper manufacturing environments where they, you know, a lot of people assume robots physical robots are going to be doing their job. Even then it's not usually full scale humanoid robots, most of the time, it's just sort of arm type devices that will be going back and forth.

There is the one case with Baxter who's actually quite a advanced robot and that's a humanoid robot from the waist upwards. In terms of actual full humanoid robot, the only one I've really ever seen that comes closest to one from Boston Dynamics, which you may or may not have seen. walking around looking for cool, doing backflips, picking up boxes. It's quite amazing technology, but it's not What is actually in factories, it is not what is displacing people from their jobs. At most, it is a robotic arm or possibly at the absolute most from the torso up. So, because people have never seen this full scale humanoid robot literally taking someone's job, they assume that it's something for the future.

They don't worry about it. And they put it out of their mind, which is a very, very big mistake. The reason for this is that, as I said, this isn't something that's happening in the future. Not only is happening now, but it's happened in the past as well. You probably see robots and automation every single day yet you don't see it as robots and automation, explicitly stealing someone's job. I'm sure you've been to groceries where you see those self checkout things.

They are actually robotics, essentially, in the form of a computer. Sure there is you as a customer helping a little bit for the input, but it is difficult. Placing someone's job where they used to be 10 or 15, you know, check out people that were scanning your groceries manually. Now there might be one or two of them, another person, you know, guarding a whole bunch of these self checkout registers. And that's it, it's gone from maybe 10 people working, they're down to three. With the help of human end, slight bit of automation, it's displaced a number of jobs.

And you can find examples like this all over the place from things like ATM, displacing bank tellers A long time ago, all the way up to more sort of modern robotics type jobs where, again, it's not a literal, physical full sized robot replacing something but in Amazon's warehouses, they do still have people packaging things, but they have these small sort of bit bigger than Roomba sized robots where they actually go and pick up the pallets of whatever it is that you're ordering off Amazon. I don't want American And taking that item back to the actual person who's doing the stocking. So instead of the person having to walk all the way over here, pick something go, walk all the way over there, pick something else up. And, you know, taking multiple, multiple minutes to stack one order, all these little robots come and bring the items may just grab one grab another grab another, and it makes them a lot more productive.

And, yes, although it can be seen as a efficiency or productivity enhancement, what it actually is, is robotics displacing jobs again, instead of having someone that takes, you know, 10 minutes to fulfill an order, you can have one person that takes one minute to fulfill an order and you have to employ 10 less people. So these are current examples of what automation and robotics looks like. And it's very different to what people envisage in their head when they say that robots will take over your job. The other main source Is software based robotics. Now, while robotics itself has very, you know, practical uses, as I said, such as Amazon, there's also the software side of things as well. If your job is clicking around on a computer all day, you will most likely be replaced by software based systems.

If you're picking up packages all day, then yeah, you'll probably replace be replaced by robotic systems. But because of the vast majority of people are clicking around on computers most of the time. Software is also a huge piece of automation that will take over or at the very least displace a number of people's jobs. A perfect example of this software and being more powerful even than robotics is a 19 year old grad from Stanford University in America. He apparently created this service called do not pay and what this essentially was, was an AI lawyer. So what this is chatbot program would do is take in people from New York or London who had gotten themselves a parking ticket.

And it would ask them a number of questions. And, you know, sift through the various scenarios that might happen when you get a parking ticket. And it would produce this document that you could then send into the council to object to this, you know, parking ticket, you got that if you think you've got it in error. And the results were quite amazing for 250,000 documents that had printed off and was submitted to actual councils. 160,000 of them got the person out of that parking ticket saving over $5 million, and this was back in 2016. Since then, it's come to encompass many other cities around the world, and has even actually gone on to do flights as well.

So this is just one of the examples where, you know, automation and robotics It's not typically what people think it is, it's, you know, quite a bit different to what you would usually assume. So, besides this hardware or software, one other major way that automation AI robotics is doing a lot of damage to jobs and industries is not where it's replacing, you know, someone's job or replacing some software capability, but where it's actually removing the entire industry as a whole. Now, often people might see something like the production of you know, a DVD or CD or something like that and they go, you know, robot can never steal my job, you know, we can't have robots that do the whole process of you know, stamping the CD and putting it into a, you know, a cover and packaging it all up that you know, it's too complicated.

The there has to be a person in the mix there somewhere and they are correct on that level, but what ends up happening Is while it's not explicitly robotics, but technology moves on and a new technologies invented this disrupts the old one and it usually ends up wiping out that entire industry. And while it may not wipe out the entire of the industry, you've got many examples such as floppy disks through the CDs through to VHS cassette tapes to even the most recent blu ray sort of thing. You can see these technologies, you know, people still use vinyl records out there, but it's an absolute fraction of what it used to be, you know, whereas it used to encompass 100% of people who wanted to listen to music now, it only encompasses I would have no idea maybe point oh 1% or something like that. But this is the case for many, many different types of technology.

And it's the other sort of end of the spectrum where one side you can literally have a robot, pick up something and replace someone's job in that sense, you've got sort of the middle ground where people are replaced by software automation. And then you've got the entire industry getting replaced by completely new technology. So that's the other major sort of thing that tends to blindside a lot of people when they only think about an only consider robots stealing their jobs as a little robot. So I know this all sounds very negative, very bad. As I said, I don't like talk about negative stuff too much. So in the next part, we'll be going over stuff that is a lot more positive.

And we'll be covering mainly how employment has changed and learning has changed over the past few decades. So our chat within where I'm sure there'll be a lot of surprises as well.